Red Square: in the heart of the capital

The most famous place in Moscow and all of Russia is the Kremlin, located on Red Square. A walk through these places is paramount for each guest of the capital. Especially the main area of ​​the country attracts tourists from abroad. In order to get around and carefully examine all the sights located on Red Square, a day is not enough.

Time of occurrence

In the place of the 12th century, a forest was cut down on the territory of modern Red Square. The fertile land located at this place was used as arable land. The first buildings appeared at this place at the end of this century. We are talking about residential buildings on Borovitsky hill. Traders with tents were located just below, as a result of which a whole bargaining arose (the first old name of the square).

History of creation

Bargaining, fire, Red - all these are the names of the most famous square in Russia. Since the founding of the market square, Moscow has grown and developed. in the XV century during the reign of Ivan Kalita all settlements located on the site of modern Red Square were demolished. The place was cleared under the stalls. A little later, the territory was divided into the modern Arbat and Podkremlevskaya. Last and later became Red Square

Argued that this landmark was organized spontaneously. Initially, the Kremlin and the fortress wall were erected, and after that other buildings began to appear out of nowhere. The location of Red Square was convenient, since on its territory there were reliable fortress walls, behind which you can hide in the event of an attack by enemies.

In the 17th century, bargaining continued to operate on the territory of Red Square. Drastic changes occurred in 1698. At this time, Red Square became the political center of Russia.
 
The first stone pavement was laid on the square in the XIX century. Until 1930, a tramway passed through its territory. Here the main revolutionary events took place and a mausoleum was erected. In the early nineties, historical buildings and buildings were restored on Red Square. These are the Resurrection Gate, the Iver Chapel and the Kazan Cathedral.

In 1909, a tram was launched on the territory of Red Square. His route was laid from Zabelinsky passage to the Upper Trading Rows, from where he was heading for the monument to Minin and Pozharsky. The line of tramways lasted until 1930, and already in 1938, motorway traffic was allowed along the pavement located on the territory of Red Square.
In revolutionary time, the most significant events for Russia unfolded on the territory of Red Square. It was used for artillery shelling of the Kremlin, on which Vladimir Lenin spoke to the proletariat, whose body is still located on Red Square in the mausoleum.

During the Great Patriotic War, Red Square also hosted a series of events that, without exaggeration, can be called historically significant for the country. In October 1941, a military parade was held here, which was timed to the anniversary of the revolution. In fact, the explicit goal of the government at that time was to raise the morale of the army, since the parade took place at the very beginning of World War II. In 1942, some measures were taken to safeguard the main Moscow landmark. The mausoleum was covered with a special cap. Special covers are put on the domes of the cathedrals, and the famous red tile has been repainted in an inconspicuous gray color. Red Square was repeatedly bombed during the war years, but already in 1945, it was on it on June 24 that the Great Victory Parade took place.

The reconstruction on Red Square was carried out in 1972. At this time, work was transferred to the partial restoration of walls and towers, rebuilding the pavement. The Kremlin and Red Square have changed significantly after the restoration.

Distinctive features

The main distinguishing features of the most famous square in Russia are the Kremlin, the famous St. Basil's Cathedral, the world-famous Spasskaya Tower with chimes. In one of the walls of the Kremlin is a necropolis - the burial of famous Russian rulers and mausoleums, in which lies the leader of the world proletariat V. I. Lenin. Also on the territory of Red Square are Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon.

Red Square today

Today, Red Square is the cultural and historical center of Russia. In addition to the above listed attractions, there are the House of Provincial Government, several museums, including the Historical Museum, on its territory. On Red Square, students of military high schools regularly take oaths, as well as parades of the Great Victory.

It is worth noting that the famous monument to Minin and Pozharsky, the famous frontal place and the Alexander Garden are also located on the territory of Red Square.